基于Word2Vec模型特征扩展的Web搜索结果聚类性能的改进

对于用户泛化和模糊的查询，将Web搜索引擎返回的列表内容聚类处理，便于用户有效查找感兴趣的内容。由于返回的列表由称为片段（snippet）的短文本组成，而传统的单词频率-逆文档频率（TF-IDF）特征选择模型不能适用于稀疏的短文本，使得聚类性能下降。一个有效的方法就是通过一个外部的知识库对短文本进行扩展。受到基于神经网络词表示方法的启发，提出了通过词嵌入技术的Word2Vec模型对短文本扩展，即采用Word2Vec模型的TopN个最相似的单词用于对片段（snippet）的扩展，扩展文档使得TF-IDF模型特征选择得到聚类性能的提高。同时考虑到通用性单词造成的噪声引入，对扩展文档的TF-IDF矩阵进行了词频权重修正。实验在两个公开数据集ODP239和SearchSnippets上完成，将所提方法和纯snippet无扩展的方法、基于Wordnet的特征扩展方法和基于Wikipedia的特征扩展方法进行了对比。实验结果表明，所提方法在聚类性能方面优于对比方法。     

火花放电原子发射光谱仪分析高含量硅时校准曲线的扩展与应用

火花放电原子发射光谱仪分析高含量Si(w(Si)≥3.0%)时,其元素含量已超出了校准曲线的线性范围,导致分析值偏低。实验通过增加中低合金钢、硅钢标准样品,完善并扩展了Si校准曲线,完成了共存元素的干扰校正,拓宽了Si元素的分析范围,质量分数上限由3.14%扩展至4.16%,线性相关系数达0.99965。校准曲线扩展后重新选择标准化样品进行漂移校正,校准曲线强度比由9.41扩展至11.01。对扩展含量段的两个样品(w(Si)≥3.0%)进行精密度考察,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)为0.43%和0.50%;对比了8个不同Si含量的样品,发现完善、扩展后校准曲线的Si测定值与认定值更相符;同时统计过程控制(SPC)控制图处于受控状态。可见校准曲线经完善、扩展后可满足工艺过程控制和成品分析要求。     

Synthesis of high molecular weight aromatic polyesters via integrated alternating ring-opening copolymerization and chain extension methods

Due to their good mechanical properties, high molecular weight polyesters (PEs) are highly desirable for a wide range of applications especially in the packaging industry. However, the synthesis of high molecular weight polymers by energy efficient methods is difficult. In this study, a series of semi-aromatic PEs were synthesized via the alternating ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of phthalic anhydride (PA) and cyclohexene oxide (CHO) using a salen chromium(III) complex as a catalyst and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine as a cocatalyst. By varying the molar ratios between CHO and PA, PEs of different molecular weights were obtained. Hexamethylene diisocyanate was used as a chain extender that further increased the molecular weights of these PEs. These chain extended aromatic polyesters (PE-Xs) showed significant improvement in the glass transition temperature (T_g) values. Thus, integration of ROCOP with the chain extension method can be used as an effective strategy to prepare high molecular weight PEs with improved thermal stabilities and enhanced mechanical properties. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47200.     

Cluster ensembles: A survey of approaches with recent extensions and applications

Cluster ensembles have been shown to be better than any standard clustering algorithm at improving accuracy and robustness across different data collections. This meta-learning formalism also helps users to overcome the dilemma of selecting an appropriate technique and the corresponding parameters, given a set of data to be investigated. Almost two decades after the first publication of a kind, the method has proven effective for many problem domains, especially microarray data analysis and its down-streaming applications. Recently, it has been greatly extended both in terms of theoretical modelling and deployment to problem solving. The survey attempts to match this emerging attention with the provision of fundamental basis and theoretical details of state-of-the-art methods found in the present literature. It yields the ranges of ensemble generation strategies, summarization and representation of ensemble members, as well as the topic of consensus clustering. This review also includes different applications and extensions of cluster ensemble, with several research issues and challenges being highlighted.     

管道正等轴测图的阀门与管件的参数化设计

管道轴测图是管道布置设计的基本图样之一,轴测图采用工程图样中的特定表达方法,有别于三视图表达。工程中常用正等轴测图表达管道布局,其中大量存在的阀门和管件在三个不同坐标轴方位上形状不同,绘制阀门和管件耗时费力。采用参数化设计技术,将阀门和管件进行分类,引入核心参数的概念,对每一个选定的阀门和管件实现成组一次性绘制,有效提高管道轴测图的绘图设计效率。     

331省道盱眙段扩建工程梁项水库占用工程技术要点初探

331省道盱眙绕城段改扩建工程施工直接影响到梁项水库蓄水、防洪与大坝堤身安全,本文分步骤祥述了梁项水库施工占用水库库容及附属工程补偿技术要点和解决方案。     

脉冲风洞短时测力信号的延拓与动态载荷辨识方法

研究了一种可快速辨识脉冲风洞中试验模型所受动态载荷的方法。给出了载荷、系统单位脉冲响应函数、天平输出三者的时域离散化模型,指出后者是前两者线性卷积的截断;将天平短时振荡输出延拓为完整的线性卷积结果,对前两者补零延拓,将上述模型转化为圆周卷积形式,进而通过离散傅里叶变换得到三者的频域离散化模型,求解频域模型得到载荷。通过单自由度系统简单载荷、多自由度系统复杂载荷两个数值模拟算例验证了该方法仅需对测量信号低通滤波即可准确辨识出载荷;经风洞试验,验证了方法的准确性和实用性。     

Effects of active chitosan-flaxseed mucilage-based films on the preservation of minced trout fillets: A comparison among aerobic,vacuum, and modified atmosphere packaging

The objectives of the current study were to examine physical–mechanical, structural, and morphological characteristics of chitosan-flaxseed mucilage films enriched with Ziziphora clinopodioides essential oil (ZEO; 0%, 0.25%, and 0.5%) and sesame oil (SO; 0% and 0.75%) and to provide useful information for the preservation of minced trout fillet's using antimicrobial films under aerobic, vacuum, and modified atmosphere conditions for 16 days. The films showed thickness, tensile strength, puncture force, puncture deformation, water vapor transmission rate, water vapor permeability, swelling index, and oxygen permeability values ranging 0.082–0.86 mm, 33.34–46.83 MPa, 25.69–53.08 N, 11.45–28.45 mm, 17.48–26.73 g/m² h, 8.57–12.49 × 10⁻⁴ g mm/m² h Pa, 12.45–38.43%, and 3.02–13.32 × 10⁻¹² cm³/m² s Pa, respectively. The following order of effect on the microbial spoilage population of treated samples was found in the applied packaging methods: modified atmosphere packaging > vacuum packaging > aerobic packaging. The final microbial population of treated samples was 0.35–4.91 log CFU/g lower than the controls after 16 days of refrigerated storage. At the end of the storage, the total volatile base nitrogen, peroxide value, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances of untreated samples were 34.02–48.6 mg of N/100 g, 1.43–2.32 meq of peroxide/1000 g, and 3.33–4.24 mg of malondialdehyde/kg, respectively. The lowest corresponding values were recorded for the treated samples with ZEO 0.5% + SO 0.75% films by 14.26–17.73 mg of N/100 g, 0.48–0.86 meq of peroxide/1000 g, and 1.08–1.48 mg of malondialdehyde/kg, respectively.